Cutting saw-teeth



" NITED STATES PATENT FIC J. l). CUSTER, OF NORRISTOWN, PENNSYLVANIA,ASSIGNOR TO WM. MCNIECE, OF CONSHOI-IOCKEN, PENNSYLVANIA.

CUTTING SAW-TEETI-I.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 32,662, dated June 25, 1861.

To all whom 'it may concern.'

Be it known that I, J. D. CUsTER, of Norristown, in the county ofMontgomery and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and ImprovedSaw Toothing and Setting Machine; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description of thev constructionand operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings,making a part of this specifica tion, in which- Figure l, is aperspective view of the machine. Fig. 2, is an end view of the upper andlower toothing punches in contact with each other, of the working size;and Figs. 3, and 4, are end views of the same.

j The same letters refer to like parts in each figure.

A, A, Fig. l, is the frame, or upright column. It is bolted to the floorwith four strong bolts, so as to stand rm. I cast this frame in the formof a box, with the front partly open, and the back part, entirely openas shown at Fig. l.

B, B, is the table. It is bolted to the frame A, A, by means of an Lshaped casting on which the table rests, which casting is bolted .to thefront of the frame.

C, is the balance wheel, and D, is a pulley cast on the side of thebalance wheel.

E, is the balance wheel shaft. It runs in common pedestals on the top ofthe frame, and it extends back beyond the top of the frame a sufficientdistance to receive the balance wheel, and its pulley, on the back endof it, and also a clutch plate, which is firmly fastened to the extremeback end of the shaft, so as to form a clutch by a pin in the back partof the balance wheel catching the clutch plate, when the balance wheelis moved back against it. The said clutch plate is not shown, as it isbehind the balance wheel, but it will be easily understood. The balancewheel and its pulley run loose on the shaft, so that they can be movedforward, or back, so as to run the balance wheel all the time, and whenit is necessary to stop the punch, the wheel and pulley, is moved front,about of an inch, which causes its clutch pin to clear the said clutchplate, and the shaft and toothing punch stops.

Lever 4L Fig. l, is the stopping and starting lever. It is fastened onshaft W, near the lower end. This shaft works in piece X, near the top,and in a like piece at the bot tom, which is not seen, as it is behindthe table; they are both bolted to the side of the frame, about half wayback. Piece 5, is fastened on shaft IV, and its long end runs overtoward the right, in below Y, and takes hold of a flat bar, or plate,which runs back about parallel with shaft E, and runs in a slide nearthe left side of the back pedestal, i

which holds it in place, and beyond the slide, it"takes hold of thepulley D, by means of a wide square hook which spans the pulley, andgrasps it loosely, so as to move it back, to start the toothing punch,and front, to stop it. This sliding plate has a friction spring pressingon the inside edge of it, where it falls in V shaped notches, to hold itin the stopping position, and ruiming position. The said sliding plate,and friction'spring are not seen in the drawings, as they are behindshaft E, but they will be understood.

The balance wheel shaft E, has a cam on it, back of the front pedestal,which works the piece Z, and the saw feeding shaft V, V. It also has acam or journal, formed on the front end of it, in front of the frontpedestal, which is as much out of center with the shaft, as will givethe toothing punch, the proper`stroke,-about three quarters of an inch.On this out of center journal, the connecting rod F, is placed. This rodhas a box in the top of it, which is held down by the set screw Y, so asto take up the lost motion.

On the end of shaft E, in front of connecting rod F, I place a handwheel, to work the toothing punch by hand, to adjust it to the lowerpunch, and to lift' the punch when it happens to stop down. This handwheel, I have not shown in the drawings, as it would obscure some of theupper works, and the machine may be used with, or without it, asdesired. Said connecting rod F, is attached to the plunger G', G, at 6,by a bolt which forms a joint.

I, I, are two dovetail castings which are bolted on the front of theframe, in which the plunger G, G, works. Each casting I, I, has a plateinside, lying on the bevel side of plunger Gr, Gr, and those plates areset up to the plunger by set screws, so as to take up all lost motion ofthe plunger, and cause the upper, and lower toothing punches, to workclosely, and properly together, so as to cut a perfect, clean tooth. Thesaid plunger Gr, Gr, has a slot, or chamber, cast in it, commencing justbelow 6, and extending down to the lower end of the plunger; it is fiveeighths deep, and five eighths wide, in a working machine for toothingsmall saws. In this chamber the toothing punch J, is placed, andfastened, by the arch, and set screw II, and it extends up to the screwhead in the chamber, just below the upper Gr. This screw I use to feeddown the upper toothing punch, as it is ground off on the lower end, tosharpen it. The piece 4, is a female screw which is tightly fitted inthe upper part of the plunger chamber, andthe feeding screw at Gr, worksin it, so as to feed down' the punch six, or eight, inches in a working'machine.

I make my toothing punches, J, and K, out of five eighths steel bars,each about a foot long, and I plane them out from end to end as shown atFig. 2, Fig. 8, and Fig. 4L.

K, is the lower toothing punch, and it is laid in a slot, or chamber,cast in the L shaped casting on which the table B, B, rests. It is heldin place by a clamp, and screw, and it reaches down to the piece M, M,where it rests on the head of bolt L, which is used to feed it up as thepunch is ground off at the cutting end to sharpen it. Said piece M, ^M,is bolted on the front of the frame, by two, or four bolts, as shown atM, M. When my said toothing punches are so much worn as to be too shortto use, I weld a piece on, so as to use up the whole of the originaltoothing punches. As the punch J, presents its sharp edge to the setscrew H, I place a brass box as a protector under the arch, which litson the sharp edge of the punch, and the set screw I-I, presses on thebrass protector, and thus holds the toothing punch without injuring it.

N, N, is a shifting guide. It is attached to the table B, B, by boltsshown near N, N, with sunken square heads, or rivets, so as not to turn,which bolts slide in short slots cut in table B, B, so as to slide back,for toot-hing large deep teeth, and forward for small fine teeth. Thetwo said bolts have nuts, or female, thumb screws on them, under thetable, by which they are fastened,'to hold the guide N, N, to the properplace. This' guide has a bar marked 8, 3, riveted on the back edge ofit, against which the saw slides when in the act of being toothed. Thisbar is partly cut away to allow the punch to come down, and the guideplate N, N, is also cut open in the center, so as to let the lowertoothing punch come up to the level of the carriage 2, 2, so that whenthe saw blanks lies on the carriage, it will also lie on the top of thepunch. The guide bar 3, 3, may be made straight, so as to tooth sawsstraight, if the blank is cut straight, or rounded, if the blank is cutso, as the blank is held up to the guide by the operator or by springsfastened to the carriage.

I), is a thumb screw, it is screwed in the top ofbar 3, 3, and it holdsdown a short be clamped on the carriage, or held on with i springs,instead of the hand of the operator, as may be desired.

The carriage 2, 2, I make longer than any saw intended to be toothed onit, so as to make the feeding rack, or ratchet plate R, longer than thesaws, but not longer than the carriage, on which it is fastened. Ifasten this feeding ratchet plate, on the front of the carriage, withtwo sunken bevel headed screws, as shown. I use as many differentfeeding ratchet plates, as I wish, to tooth all the different numbers ofteeth to the inch, or I use a line toothed feeding ratchet plate, totooth coarse saws, by moving, 2, 3, 4, or more teeth of the ratchetplate at once. The carriage 2, 2, has a V guide under it, under theratchet plate R, and it runs in a V guide, which is planed in the tableB, B, from end to end, as shown at Fig. 1. The back edge of saidcarriage lies on, and slides on the plate N, N, in front of the lowertoothing punch.

I under cut the back edge of the carriage, and bevel off the uselesspart of the front edge of the top of the lower punch, so as to get theback edge of the carriage, to reach back as near the upper punch aspossible, so as to enable me to tooth wide saws, and also very narrowones, on the same carriage. This undercutting, and beveling, is notnecessary when it is not intended to tooth narrow saws, on the samecarriage. The feeding ratchet plate teeth, must extend out over thefront edge of the carriage, so that the sharp end of the click T, willnot rub against the edge of the carriage.

O, is a small spring, which is fastened to the table B, B, and it isused to keep the carriage from moving too easy, by pressing on theratchet plate R, or on some other part of the carriage. This said springO, is however not necessary, when the machine is not intended to be runfast, as the feeding click T, will not give the carriage undue momentum,unless the machine is run fast.

S, is the feeding crank, with the click T, working on a pin on the endof it, which click is held on the teeth of the ratchet plate, by aspiral spring, seen at T, Fig. l. Said crank, is on a shaft which fitsin a hole made in the table, and extends down under the l l l table,where the feeding lever 7, is fitted on it, as shown at Fig. l. It has along slot in the long end, in which a set screw is fitted,

on which set screw, a connecting rod is fitted,-

which connecting rod, runs back under the table, and is fitted on a pin,on a short crank on the lower end of the feeding shaft V, V, so thatwhen the cam on the balance wheel shaft E, moves the piece Z, back, saidconnecting rod, draws the slotted end of lever 7, back under the table,which moves the click T, forward from T, so as to move the carriageforward one tooth, or more, as desired. The short crank, on the lowerend of the feeding shaft V, V, is not seen, as it is below the table,but it is a common crank, pointing in the same direction as piece Z onthe top of this feeding shaft, and it will be readily understood. On theshort end of lever 7, a strong spiral spring is attached, and it extendsback, under the table where the other end of the spring, is attached toa stout pin, or hook, so that when the cam moves the piece Z, back andthe feeding click T, forward, the spiral spring will bring all thefeeding gear back again ready for another move of the carriage, &c. Aspiral spring, may also be attached to the short end of piece Z, if itis desired, to assist the rst described spiral spring.

At U, Fig. l, is a pin screwed into the top of the table, or riveted in,so as to be loose, so as to turn, and against this pin where it is abouthalf cut away, and is half round, the tail end of click T nearly toucheswhen the machine is in operation, but this pin has a thumb piece or knobto the top of it, not shown, by which the operator can turn it quarter,or half around, which brings the full part of the pin, against the tailof the click, and throws it out of gear with ratchet R, so that he candraw the carriage back, and put on another saw, without stopping thepunch. In toothing saws which are toothed from end to end, it is notnecessary to stop the punch to put on saws, and take them off, but intoothing wood saws, &c.,

which are not toothed to the ends, it is necessary to stop the punch.

The feeding 'cam on shaft E, must be set so as to begin to feed, whenthe toothing punch, is nearly up, so that the punch will not interferewith the feeding apparatus.

The above described machine, is well adapted for setting saws, and itrequires but little to arrange it to set saws. The upper toothing punchJ, can be ground the proper bevel, and thus used for a setting'punch,and the lower toothing punch, can be taken out and ground, to the properbevel, and put in with the plain side'back, so as to form a settinganvil for the upper punch to strike on, or new setting punches may bemade as desired, and put in in placeof the toothing punches. The strokeof the setting punch, must be regulated by the screw near G, s0 that itwill strike each tooth in a proper manner, to give it the proper set.

The feeding apparatus is the same in setting saws as in toothing them,excepting that the connecting rod, which connects shaft V, V, to lever7, must be set in on the slot of the said lever, near 7, so as to give alonger stroke to click T, and move the carriage so as to move the saw tobe set, two teeth at once. After one side of the saw is set, it isturned upside down, and the other side is run through and set, in likemanner.

Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is-T he combination of the plunger Gr, G, and its long screw and long nut4, with the toothingpunches J, K, all substantially as described andshown for toothing and setting saws.

J. D. CUSTER. lVitnesses:

L. E. CoRsoN, B. F. VAN COURT.

